Black Toenails
This guide is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for injury diagnosis and treatment.
Recovery time
Several weeks to months
Severity
Mild
Typical causes
Repetitive trauma, ill-fitting shoes, long runs, downhill running, tight shoes
Prevention
Proper footwear fit, trim toenails, avoid shoes that are too tight, gradual training
Table of Contents
What Are Black Toenails?
Black toenails, also known as runner’s toe or subungual hematoma, occur when blood collects under the toenail due to repetitive trauma or pressure. The condition is common among runners, especially those who run long distances or downhill.
While not a serious injury, black toenails can be unsightly and may cause discomfort. The nail may eventually fall off and regrow. Prevention is key, as the condition is often caused by ill-fitting shoes.
Symptoms and Causes
Symptoms of black toenails
Common symptoms include:
- Dark discoloration: Black or dark purple color under the nail
- Pain: Discomfort, especially with pressure
- Nail separation: Nail may lift from the nail bed
- Nail loss: Nail may eventually fall off
Black toenails causes
Common causes include:
- Repetitive trauma: Toe repeatedly hitting the front of the shoe
- Ill-fitting shoes: Shoes that are too tight or too small
- Long runs: Extended periods of pressure
- Downhill running: Increased pressure on toes
- Long toenails: Nails that are too long
Risk factors
Risk factors include ill-fitting shoes, long runs, downhill running, long toenails, and foot structure abnormalities.
Complications of black toenails
If not properly managed, complications can include nail loss, infection, and ongoing discomfort.
Diagnosis and Tests
How you can diagnose black toenails
Black toenails are usually self-diagnosable through visual inspection. If there’s severe pain or signs of infection, seek medical attention.
Tests that can help diagnose black toenails
Usually no tests needed. If infection is suspected, a healthcare professional may assess the area.
Management and Treatment
How do you treat black toenails?
Treatment includes:
- Leave alone: Most cases resolve on their own
- Drain if needed: If painful, a healthcare provider may drain the blood
- Protect: Keep the nail clean and protected
- Wait for regrowth: New nail will grow in time
Black toenails recovery time
Recovery time varies. The nail may take several weeks to months to regrow completely. The discoloration will fade as the nail grows out.
What Could Help
Several products can help prevent black toenails:
- Proper running shoes: Running shoes with adequate toe room
- Toenail clippers: Toenail clippers to keep nails trimmed
- Toe protectors: Toe protectors may help prevent trauma
Prevention
How can I prevent black toenails?
Preventive measures include proper footwear fit, trimming toenails regularly, avoiding shoes that are too tight, and ensuring adequate toe room in running shoes.